“Complete personality, first in sports.” For this famous saying, Lu Yongli, principal and psychology professor of Beijing No. 2 Experimental Primary School, provided convincing comments with her rich theoretical research and practice.
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 29 (reporter Ma Bangjie) “complete personality, first in sports.” For this famous saying, Lu Yongli, principal and psychology professor of Beijing No. 2 Experimental Primary School, provided convincing comments with her rich theoretical research and practice.
Recently, Lu Yongli gave an online speech called “sports and children’s development” in the lecture hall of Beijing School Sports Federation, which was called “vibrating the deaf” and “shaking the top” by insiders “. Her speech not only has theoretical interpretation of brain science and psychology, but also has concise and clear data display. It goes deep and shallow and discusses the importance of sports to children’s coordinated physical development and intellectual development, “Multiple intelligence theory” and the misunderstanding of “simple mind and developed limbs” of Chinese sports, as well as the gains of Experiment No. 2 junior high school leading the first trend in China and implementing “Zero Sports” for more than three years.
Her rigorous attitude and rigorous argument make people see a scholar’s pragmatic academic style; Her people-oriented educational philosophy and educational goal of cultivating talents for the country, let people see the simple and sincere humanistic feelings of a famous school principal.
Why “Sports is the first subject”?
Some people say that Lu Yongli spilled the glory of sports into every corner of Experiment 2 and into every student’s heart. Physical education is the most important course of Experiment 2. Even on the examination day, if the weather permits on that day, there is no conflict between physical education and examination time, the teacher will surely pull the students to the small playground where they have a 200-meter track.
Lu Yongli took office as the principal of experimental No. 2 Junior School in 2016 and clearly put forward the teaching concept of “physical education is the first subject”. At that time, some people were puzzled: physical education is more important than Chinese mathematics?
“When I proposed that sports was the first subject, some people questioned: principal Lu, are you doing gimmicks? I tell you honestly, if it weren’t for my work in primary school, if it weren’t for my education target from 6 to 12 years old, when I mentioned sports as the first subject, A small question mark may be needed. I will still hesitate.” Lu Yongli said.
“But when I face children under 12 years old, I know that there is a lot of room for the development of their cerebral cortex and the growth of their spine, before they were 10 years old, the development of big muscle movements had a very important window period. If we seize these opportunities, we will lay a great biological foundation for the growth of children throughout their lives.” She said.
The child’s physical and mental development, in the view of Lu Yongli, a doctor of child psychology, is a delicate and complicated scientific project. If you want to do well, you need to study the theories at home and abroad and practice them. In this respect, for more than three years, Lu Yongli has accumulated a lot of experience. As a researcher, there are many seemingly boring and actually useful terms and theories in her words.
She said: “When children are young, the development of physical movements and intelligence are closely related, and sometimes directly reflect the level and state of intellectual development. Before the age of 10, children have several key window periods for movement development and muscle development. If you seize the window period, children will form good, profound and lifelong muscle memory after good exercise. Muscle memory will play a huge supporting role in the comprehensive development of children after adults.”
Professor Mao Zhenming of Beijing Normal University introduced that the development of various physical qualities of human beings has their own sensitive periods. For example, the sensitive period of flexible quality is about 5 to 12 years old, the sensitive period of sensitive quality is about 6 to 12 years old, and the sensitive period of speed quality is about 7 to 13 years old…… These “windows” are the best time to train these qualities to get twice the result with half the effort. Missing these “windows” training will get twice the result with half the effort.
Lu Yongli said, “If you get the necessary training for several major movements such as running, jumping, rolling and sliding before the age of 10, you will find that when you grow up, no matter what kind of sports you take part in, whether playing basketball, football or badminton, you will find that you can master it very quickly. This is not because you have received special training, but because your muscles have a good memory in this aspect. We must pay attention to the fact that the younger the children, the more adequate the exercise they do, and all aspects of action will get a real and comprehensive development. We found that this is of great help to people all their lives, because sometimes you don’t need your brain memory, and your muscles will help you remember it.”
She said that she found that some people have developed a strong heart and lung function, but due to the limitation of growth environment, she missed some “window period” of muscle movement training since childhood, and the overall movement of the body is obviously poor. She said: “When they grow up to participate in sports competitions that require some skills such as basketball and football, their physical strength can support them to participate in the competition, but their sense of participation is not strong due to lack of skills.”
Lu Yongli said that children with sufficient physical exercise can develop their intelligence. In this respect, she has sufficient theoretical and data support.
She said: “When people are playing sports, each center of the cerebral cortex presents a diffuse active state. When the cerebral cortex is more active and more excited, the corresponding neuron cells, nerve axons, nerve DCS, etc. in the cerebral cortex are constantly growing, and the growth is full and full, there are even necessary rich connections.”
“Sandike, the originator of educational psychology, said that the core essence of learning is to establish connections. When we mention one word and one thing, those who respond quickly and smartly can activate relevant knowledge points, concepts and experience immediately, and the activation speed is fast and the range is wide. This is an established connection. When we go to deep learning, we not only need to activate the connection, but also make the connection more effective, scientific and accurate. The brain is the biological basis of learning. At first, we can fully develop the neurons of our brain in the process of growth through rich and effective stimulation, then their connection can be maximized regardless of speed and range.” She said.
Lu Yongli said that all signals in the brain are transmitted through nerves, and the spine of the back of the human body is the channel of nerve transmission. Spine development can not be relatively stable until 14 years old. Protecting the spine is as important as protecting the brain.
Plato said that health is the first wealth in life. If school physical education can grasp the key “window period” of children’s physical quality and nervous system development, it will lay the largest growth space for their healthy development in their whole life and lay a solid biological foundation, it will also provide guarantee for them to keep the first wealth in life for a long time. Lu Yongli said that this was an important basis for her to put forward “Sports is the first subject” in primary school. (To be continued)
Who is more successful than Bill Gates and Michael Jordan?
“Who is more successful than Bill Gates and Michael Jordan?” The question raised by Lu Yongli in his speech was supported by a theory called “multiple intelligence theory”, which is a theory that can deepen our cognition of sports.
Howard Gardner, an American educator and psychologist, believed in his book “The structure of intelligence” published in 1983: everyone has at least Language Intelligence, logical mathematics intelligence, music intelligence, space intelligence, physical exercise intelligence, interpersonal relationship intelligence and introspective intelligence, etc. This is the theme of “multiple intelligence theory.
Lu Yongli believes that “multiple intelligence theory” gives us more interpretation of “intelligence. She said: “We no longer think that only children with good Chinese and math scores are smart. We will find that many kinds of people are smart, and their intelligence is irreplaceable. Bill Gates is very talented in mathematical logic. In the theory of multiple intelligences, there is also a kind of intelligence called physical exercise intelligence, so Michael Jordan is also very awesome. Then who is more successful than Bill Gates and Michael Jordan? Both of them are very successful. No matter their achievements in their own industry or their influence on society, they are very huge and irreplaceable to each other. Therefore, we cannot say that Bill Gates must be better than Michael Jordan.”
“The Theory of Multiple Intelligences has inspired us a lot. In fact, many of us have their own characteristics in many aspects and have their own advantages. Among them, our people with strong sports ability and strong sports level are also very intelligent individuals.” She said.
But in China, why do you have the prejudice of “simple mind and developed limbs” against athletes? Lu Yongli said, “When you understand the theory of multiple intelligences, you will definitely disagree with this statement. But why do people form such a wrong cognition and are deeply rooted? Personally, I think that after many children become professional athletes, many cultural courses and other courses of comprehensive quality training are ignored, and most of the time they are training. This is a big mistake. Sports really promote our intellectual development. If we develop sports alone and neglect the cultivation of other aspects of intelligence, we will have a question mark. This is also one reason why we propose that we must develop comprehensively in primary schools.”
There is a saying in Chinese schools that “study sports in the waves”, believing that only those children who are naughty and mischievous and don’t study hard can practice sports. Lu Yongli believes that this is our misunderstanding of sports. She said, “What are the sports stars that really have a place in history? Generally speaking, in addition to the number of medals and the gold content of medals obtained in sports, real sports stars actually have a huge relationship with their personal comprehensive qualities, such as cultural accomplishment, personal virtue and so on, these comprehensive qualities will directly affect the future way out of these sports stars. For example, Li Ning, who is familiar with, is the Prince of Gymnastics; Deng Yaping is the representative of outstanding table tennis figures; Yao Ming, a basketball star, is worthy of our study and praise. Not only did they show outstanding performance during their sports career, but they were still able to walk out of a healthy Road after retirement.”
Why do you want “Zero Sports”?
Lu Yongli said, “Zero Sports” is not the invention of Experiment No. 2, but a bold and beneficial attempt.
As the name implies, “Zero Sports” means that the first thing students do after they arrive at school is physical exercise. This was transmitted to China through a book called “sports transforming the brain. The author of this book is a professor of Harvard Medical School and an American doctor. By studying the “zero sports” program carried out by neparville Central High School in Chicago, he found that sports can not only keep fit, but also strengthen brain and improve the achievement of students.
Lu Yongli said, “Zero Sports” changed the state that students were lazy and scattered in the morning and forced to get up by their parents, and also made students’ heart and lung wake up and blood oxygen increase during exercise, blood oxygen goes into the brain again, making the cerebral cortex active. As a result, the students who finished the exercise went to the classroom to study, and their attention and concentration increased significantly. Moreover, the small movements of students who relax after exercise are greatly reduced.
Since the introduction of “Zero Sports” in 2016, experimental No. 2 junior high school has made strict data records on students’ performance and collected a large number of valuable first-hand materials.
Lu Yongli shared some analysis results of big data in Experiment 2, 2016-2018, among which there are many conclusions of opening brain holes. For example, rope skipping has the highest correlation with academic performance; Rope skipping and 50-meter round trip are positively correlated with Chinese performance; BMI effect is significant: obese students are in Chinese, math scores and individual sports scores are significantly lower than those of normal weight, light weight and overweight students…… Data show that with the advancement of “zero sports”, the incidence of absenteeism and accidental injuries due to illness is greatly reduced.
In addition to quantitative analysis, Experiment 2 has qualitative analysis, including many feedback from parents and teachers. Lu Yongli said: “The results show that students’ leadership ability, teamwork, planning and time management ability, physical quality and positive emotional experience have been greatly improved; students have more smiling faces, more children, more energy, fewer conflicts among peers, fewer picky eating behaviors, better sleep quality and more food; More attention, the speed and accuracy of correction have improved, etc.”
In addition, there is another important discovery in experiment 2: sports and academic performance are also positively related. Lu Yongli said, “We found that children with good physical education performance have good academic performance. Therefore, I have always firmly believed that as long as the methods we cultivate are right, our good sports children will never be simple-minded and well-developed, and these children are very effective in time management, self-Care is also very good.”
She then came to a convincing conclusion: “Therefore, sports is a very good path and starting point for educating people.”
Lu Yongli said that she was not a sports professional, but her knowledge of school sports was enough to make many professionals feel ashamed. In Experiment 2, she brought sports back to the essence of education.
She said that the reason why she could do this was that she was adhering to the first essence of sports work: people-oriented and nurturing talents for the country.