The positive effect of Sports senior high school entrance examination on improving students’ physical fitness is the main reason why they advocate sports to enter the college entrance examination.
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 28 (reporter Gao Peng, Ma Bangjie) as the annual exam that the whole people pay attention to, the policy of college entrance examination is moving towards people’s hearts. The Ministry of Education issued a notice at the end of last year, explicitly requiring that the self-enrollment college entrance examination be added to the sports subject test from this year. This move is regarded as releasing an important signal, that is, as an important aspect of students’ comprehensive quality, the evaluation of physical fitness and athletic ability may be included in the college entrance examination in the future.
The discussion on whether sports should be included in the college entrance examination has a long history with mixed reviews. Some people call it a good way to curb the decline of teenagers’ physical fitness, while others blame it for strengthening exam-oriented education and killing students’ sports fun, while many people worry about the fairness and fairness of physical examination. Should sports enter the college entrance examination? Under the college entrance examination “baton”, can you have both physical quality improvement and enjoyment of sports happiness? How to guarantee the fairness of Physical Education College entrance examination? A series of questions tortured the vast number of educators, as well as every student and parent.
The advantages outweigh the disadvantages or the disadvantages outweigh the advantages
obesity, myopia, poor endurance…… Facing the worrying situation of students’ physical health level in our country in the past 30 years, there are many calls to include sports in the college entrance examination in the society, among which there are many NPC deputies and CPPCC members. The positive effect of Sports senior high school entrance examination on improving students’ physical fitness is the main reason why they advocate sports to enter the college entrance examination.
The latest physical monitoring data of students of nation shows that compared with 2010, the physical quality of primary and secondary school students in 2014 showed a steady and positive trend, among which the physical condition of students in grade 3 is the best; however, from high school to university, students’ physical condition declined all the way.
“Why is the peak of students’ physical fitness in grade three, while high school is not as good as junior high school, and university is not as good as high school? It is because of the Sports senior high school entrance examination that students must practice at that stage. This is the positive baton effect of the exam.” Wang Zongping, director of the research center for mobile merchants on Nanjing University of Science and Technology, told Xinhua News Agency that since the college entrance examination did not take physical education, many parents and students no longer paid attention to physical education after entering high school, and they should have taken physical exercise, it is often used to make up for cultural classes. Therefore, he firmly supports the inclusion of physical education in the college entrance examination elective subject, so that some students can move first.
Wang Zongping said: “There are more documents to strengthen school physical education. As long as the college entrance examination does not take physical education, many schools, teachers and parents will not buy physical education accounts, paying attention to sports is only verbal. What ‘one vote veto’ can not be evaluated ‘is full of various documents, but so far, no headmaster in the country has been held accountable for not paying attention to sports.”
There are many supporters of sports entering the college entrance examination, and there are also many voices of doubt and opposition.
Xiao Li, a senior two student of Dunhuang Middle School in Gansu province, told reporters that if the college entrance examination and physical examination were added, everyone would definitely spend more time exercising, but under the condition that the pressure of cultural courses increased, adding sports will only further increase students’ burden. The parents of a junior high school student in Beijing believe that both the sports of senior high school entrance examination and the sports of college entrance examination are full of utilitarian taste. Children are forced to exercise in order to improve their scores. Although they can strengthen their physical fitness, they may not be able to form the habit of lifelong exercise.
In Wang Zongping’s view, although physical education enters the college entrance examination by means of examination-taking to improve the attention of the whole society to students’ physical fitness and school physical education, the physical fitness of teenagers is related to the future of the nation, the irrationality or negative effects of physical examination are definitely much less harmful than the continuous decline of students’ physical fitness. If physical education becomes a elective subject of the college entrance examination and gives students the right to choose, students can take less cultural courses during the college entrance examination, so that students’ learning burden can be really reduced.
Fairness first
“opinions on strengthening school physical education to promote students’ all-round development of physical and mental health” issued by the State Council in 2016 clearly put forward that the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) implementing the pilot comprehensive reform of college entrance examination, when enrollment in colleges and universities, students’ sports situation should be taken as an important part of comprehensive quality evaluation. However, at the specific operational level, there is no one across the country that directly lists Sports as the subject of college entrance examination.
Wang dengfeng, director of the department of sports health and art education of the ministry of education, said in an interview with xinhua news agency that the evaluation of students involved a wide range of aspects, especially the college entrance examination, which led the whole body. Therefore, to explore the inclusion of sports in the total score of college entrance examination admission or the comprehensive quality evaluation system, we must move cautiously and step by step.
According to the requirements of the Ministry of Education, starting from this year, sports tests have been added in colleges and universities with independent enrollment rights. The test items are determined by colleges and universities independently, and the test results are used as the reference basis for admission. Wang Dengfeng introduced that this is only the first step of reform. Next, we will explore the practice of linking high school achievement test sports scores with college enrollment. “In the future, sports scores in high school achievement test may be assessed according to different levels of ABCD. When recruiting students, colleges and universities can set different thresholds for candidates’ sports scores according to different majors. For example, some majors may require that their sports scores must reach A before they can apply for the exam, some majors may apply for ABCD.”
In the aspect of self-enrollment physical education test in colleges and universities, Wang Dengfeng said that from what colleges and universities are willing to test now, to gradually standardize what must be tested, and from the school’s independent decision on how much physical education accounts, to unify the prescribed score, gradually increase the score or proportion of physical education in the entrance to school, “until one day, it may be proposed that the proportion of physical education in the college entrance examination will be more or less, thus affecting every student.”
Wang Dengfeng emphasized that to promote sports to enter the college entrance examination, fairness and justice are the premise. For example, there is still a big gap between urban and rural schools in our country in terms of teachers, physical education teaching facilities, physical education teaching level, etc, the influence of this gap on students’ physical health and the cultivation of sports skills is obvious, and it is difficult to eliminate this gap in the short term. Therefore, in the system design of college entrance examination sports, how to reflect the fairness of different groups needs comprehensive consideration.
In view of the differences of public opinion on sports entering the college entrance examination, Wang Zongping suggested that under the “3+1+2” New college entrance examination model announced simultaneously by eight provinces and cities nationwide in April this year, we can consider making sports clear as elective subject, together with ideological and political, chemistry, geography, biology and other subjects, so that candidates can choose two of them independently and give students a chance to choose in top-level design.
“In this way, several controversial problems can be solved.” Wang Zongping said, “First of all, it is not necessary for all students to take the exam, so students with poor physical fitness including physical disabilities can choose not to take the exam; Secondly, it will not increase the burden on students, because for students who choose sports, usually the time spent on physical exercise is much less than that spent on any other cultural class. Such a reduction and an increase will also help relieve the pressure of preparing for the exam and improve the learning efficiency of other subjects.”
To be healthy and happy
part of the reason why people who oppose sports entering the college entrance examination is that it is difficult for students to experience the happiness that sports should have when exercising for exams, on the contrary, they may lose their interest in sports. A parent of a senior one student in zhejiang told the reporter that in order to get full marks for sports in the senior high school entrance examination, her daughter enrolled in the swimming intensive training class, but she never practiced after the examination. “I asked her, don’t you like swimming, why don’t you practice? She said that in order to get full marks, she practiced too hard to have fun at all.”
The reporter learned in the interview that in order to cope with the sports of senior high school entrance examination, some schools only practice long-distance running, solid ball, standing long jump and other examination items, and physical education teaching becomes “examination-oriented sports”. Even some schools do not attach importance to physical education at ordinary times. Only before the senior high school entrance examination can students be organized for pre-examination training. No wonder students often say, “I like sports but I don’t like physical education”.
Ji Hui, a professor of the School of Physical Education and health of East China Normal University, wrote an article in the journal Sports Science, pointing out that the phenomenon that physical education curriculum is alienated into physical fitness test curriculum, in fact, it is a manifestation of “formalism”, which not only leads to the simplification of school sports goals, but also ignores students’ emotional experience and the cultivation of sports interests. Even if you practice a good body in “exam-oriented sports”, it is difficult to continue without fitness habits.
“From the goal, school physical education is not only to improve students’ physical health level.” Wang Dengfeng said that in addition to physical fitness, sports can also bring fun, temper will and improve personality. Participating in sports competitions helps children establish a sense of rules and team spirit, however, for many years, the public has not realized the value and function of sports in place. They often only value the former and ignore the latter, which leads to the weakening of school sports under the pressure of entering school. In this case, it is impossible for each student to master one or two sports skills only in words, enjoying the fun of sports and insisting on the endogenous motivation of exercise.
Then, how to achieve both physical health and sports happiness in physical education in the new era?
Wang dengfeng said that this requires the government to invest plus-sized in school sport facilities and do a good job in the construction of physical education teachers; The school needs to constantly explore teaching methods and modes, and according to the requirements of church, diligent practice and regular competition, stimulate students’ interest in sports; Parents need to change their ideas and attach importance to the irreplaceable role of sports in promoting people’s all-round development. “But the most important thing is to include students’ participation in sports activities, students’ physical health and sports skill levels into the academic level examination and into the comprehensive quality evaluation system of students.” Wang Dengfeng said, “without this one, all the previous efforts could be in vain. The government invested a lot of manpower and material resources. The school opened up physical education classes and organized students’ extracurricular training and competitions. However, how much students participated and how well they participated had no influence on himself, the endogenous motivation to participate in physical exercise will be seriously insufficient.”
Perhaps, only when the internal factors are fully mobilized and sports truly become the lifestyle of the younger generation can the physical examination be completely discarded. After all, it is not difficult for a child who likes sports to meet the physical test. (Participating reporters: Wang Hengzhi, Zhang Rui, Yang Fan)